The queue knowledge construction is a linear knowledge construction with the precept of operation that requires the primary incoming knowledge components to come back out first. This precept can also be typically generally known as FIFO or First In First Out.
The queue knowledge construction may be very completely different from the info construction stack which performs knowledge storage on a cascading foundation with one finish open for knowledge operations. The knowledge within the queue knowledge construction is organized horizontally and is open at each ends, the place the primary finish is for deleting knowledge and the opposite finish is for inserting knowledge.
However, the queue knowledge construction has one thing in widespread with the info construction stack. The similarity lies within the implementation of each knowledge buildings linked listing or arrays.
To make it simpler to explain the queue knowledge construction, you possibly can illustrate it within the line of individuals shopping for tickets on the cinema. The one that has simply arrived will enter the road on the very again, whereas the individual standing in entrance will get a ticket first.
You can implement the queue knowledge construction in any programming language, for instance C, C++, Java, Python or C#, with nearly the identical specs. Even this knowledge construction is usually used to handle threads in multithreading and implementing a precedence queue system in a pc program.
Queue Data Structure Type
Simple queues is essentially the most primary queue knowledge construction, the place the addition of things is finished on the again node (rear/tail) and deletion happens on the entrance node (fronts/heads).
Circular queues is a knowledge queue construction that makes the final node linked to the primary node. This kind of queue can also be known as ring buffers as a result of the 2 ends are linked to one another. Insertion will happen on the finish of the queue and deletion will nonetheless happen on the entrance of the queue.
Priority queue is a queue knowledge construction with a sure precedence at every node. The node with the best precedence would be the first to be faraway from the queue.
The insertion will nonetheless be carried out within the order of arrival. This kind of queue is usually utilized in Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm, prim algorithm, and knowledge compression strategies, for instance Huffman code.
- Double-Ended Queue (Dequeue)
Double Ended Queue is a sort of queue knowledge construction that performs insertion and deletion operations at each ends, each the entrance finish and the again finish.
Queue Data Structure Basic Operations
In normal, the queue knowledge construction has 2 foremost operations, viz enqueue And dequeue. However, there are a number of different summary knowledge buildings that may happen in these operations, together with:
- Enqueueso as to add a component to the top of the queue
- dequeueto take away a component from the entrance of the queue
- IsEmptyto verify whether or not there may be an empty queue
- IsFullto verify queue fullness
- Peekto get the worth of the entrance of the queue with out deleting it
- initializeto create a brand new queue with out knowledge components
Some widespread capabilities of the queue knowledge construction are as follows, specifically:
- To deal with the visitors on the location web site
- To preserve playlists on utility media participant
- To deal with interrupts within the working system
- To serve a number of requests on a single shared useful resource, comparable to printers and CPU job scheduling
- To switch knowledge asynchronously, for instance pipelines, IO recordsdataAnd sockets
Queue Data Structure Characteristics
Some of the traits of the queue knowledge construction are:
- Have construction first in first out or also called FIFO
- All components that come earlier than a sure component have to be deleted earlier than that component is deleted
- Each component is in an ordered listing with the identical knowledge kind
Pros of Queue Data Structures
Some of some great benefits of the queue knowledge construction you could really feel are:
- Can handle giant quantities of information effectively
- Can carry out insertion and delete operations simply because it follows first in first out rule
- Can assist sure companies when utilized by many customers
- Can velocity up the communication or course of of every knowledge
- Can be used within the implementation of different knowledge buildings
Disadvantages of Queue Data Structures
Although it has many benefits, the info queue construction additionally has some disadvantages, together with:
- The operations of inserting and eradicating components from the middle can take quite a lot of time
- New components can solely be added when the present components have been faraway from the queue within the standard queue
- Need time complexity O(N) when in search of knowledge components in a queue construction
- Must decide the utmost measurement of the queue earlier than creating an entire construction
Queue Data Structure Example
You can see the queue knowledge construction utilized to on a regular basis life, for instance when shopping for practice tickets, cinema tickets, boat tickets, paying for electrical energy, paying for water, and so on. For instance, in buying tickets on the cinema, the place:
- Enqueue likened to somebody who needs to purchase cinema tickets on the ticket sales space
- dequeue is likened to somebody who has purchased a cinema ticket and heads to the movie studio to verify the ticket
- Clear likened to an officer who removes tickets from the queue as a result of it has handed the viewing time or administrative fee time
- IsEmpty is likened to an officer who sees the state of affairs round that there aren’t any extra guests who need to purchase tickets
- IsFull likened to officers seeing there are nonetheless consumers who need to get cinema tickets
